A blind bearing puller passes though the ID of the bearing, with a pair (or trio) of wedge-shaped fingers that are expanded, wedging the fingers between the bearing’s inner race and the bottom of the bore. Then either a tension screw or slide hammer is used to extract the bearing.
I believe there is also a type which expands directly within the ID and grips the sides.. ultimately, it’s all a matter of obtaining proper purchase on the part to be removed, and these devices have their limits.
ETA: Also, this method tends to damage or ruin the bearing, as it pulls on the ID which is never desirable. In the case of the thin-wall brass insert in the Johnson carbs, there’s a good chance it will slightly distort but not totally wreck the part. All depends on how much force is required, obviously.
.
.