Yes that is a 6 volt system originally. The starter will be ok with a 12 volt battery, as long as you don’t crank the heck out of it. As you state though, you will fry the choke solenoid. The easy fix is to simply swap the choke solenoid for a 12 volt one. A wanted ad in the classifieds should get you one fairly cheap. Ill post the wiring diagram made by Frank Robb below.
Ill also post the wiring diagram to run a resistor inline. I forget the exact NAPA part number I have used, but Ill dig it out.